‌N-Acetylcysteine

CAS Nr .: 616-91-1

Molecular Formula: C₅H₉NO₃S

Molecular Luj: 163.20

EINECS NO.: 211-806-2

Acetylcysteine ​​(NAC) hauv Veterinary Medicine: Core Functions, Applications, and Guidelines

cov

covI. Core Mechanisms thiab Therapeutic Effectscov

cov1. Detoxification thiab Hepatoprotectioncov

covAcetaminophen (Paracetamol) Poisoningcov

• covMechanism: Replenishes glutathione (GSH) kom tshem tawm cov tshuaj lom NAPQI metabolites, tiv thaiv kab mob siab necrosis.
• covApplication: Kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev rau dev / miv noj cov tshuaj acetaminophen (xws li, tshuaj kho mob khaub thuas).

covKev noj tshuaj: 70–140 mg/kg IV lossis hais lus, rov ua dua txhua 4–6 teev.

• covKev ua tau zoo:> 60% kev txhim kho txoj sia nyob yog tias siv li ntawm 8 teev tom qab tshuaj lom.

covHeavy Hlau thiab Toxin Clearancecov

• covChelation: khi lead / mercury ntawm sulfhydryl (-SH) pawg (feem ntau ua ke nrog EDTA).
• covMycotoxin Detox: Txo aflatoxin B1-vim lub siab puas tsuaj hauv cov nqaij qaib (200 mg / kg NAC txo qis ALT los ntawm 50%).

cov2. Kev tswj kab mob ua pacov

covMucolytic thiab expectorant teebmeemcov

• covKev ua: rhuav tshem cov disulfide bonds hauv cov hnoos qeev, txo cov viscosity thiab txhim kho airflow.
• covCov lus qhia:
  • covTsiaj: Bronchitis, mob ntsws (xws li hnoos/dyspnea).
  • covTsiaj txhu: Kab mob kab mob / kab mob ua pa (piv txwv li, swine enzootic pneumonia).
• covKev tswj hwm:
  • Nebulization (3-5% daws) lossis qhov ncauj (10-20 mg / kg BID).

covAnti-inflammatory thiab Immunomodulatory teebmeemcov

• covMechanism: Txhawb nqa IL-6, TNF-α, thiab txo qis kev mob ntev (xws li, equine recurrent airway obstruction).

cov3. Antioxidant thiab Anti-stress Propertiescov

covKev tiv thaiv oxidative kev nyuaj siabcov

• covMechanism: Boosts intracellular GSH, scavenges dawb radicals, thiab tiv thaiv cellular kev ncaj ncees.
• covDaim ntawv thov:
  • covNqaij qaib: Thaum tshav kub kub mitigation (100 mg / kg NAC nyob rau hauv pub pab txhim kho qe qe los ntawm 5-8%).
  • covAquaculture: Txo oxidative kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm thauj / high-density ua liaj ua teb.

covKev tiv thaiv kab mobcov

• Stimulates lymphocyte proliferation thiab txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo (xws li, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv swine fever).

covIII. Kev siv ceev fajcov

covDosage Control:

• Kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau ntuav / raws plab (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv monogastrics); qeeb IV infusion kom tsis txhob hypotension.
• Npaj NAC cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab rau cov nqaij qaib (sai oxidation hauv dej).

covCov tshuaj sib cuam tshuam:

Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj oxidizers (piv txwv li, potassium permanganate) lossis tshuaj tua kab mob (xws li penicillin); muab 2 teev sib nrug.

covTxoj Cai Ua Raws Cai:

• covEU: Pom zoo rau cov cim qhia tshwj xeeb (xws li, detox) nrog cov khoom seem hauv cov tsiaj txhu.
• covTuam Tshoj: Ua raws Cov cai tswjfwm ntawm Veterinary Drugsthiab lub sijhawm tshem tawm.

covIV. Tshawb nrhiav kev nce qib thiab kev siv peev xwmcov

• covAntiviral Adjunct: Inhibits PRRSV replication in vitro (50 μM zoo concentration).
• covKev Noj Qab Nyob Zoo: Txhim kho cov phev zoo hauv bulls (15% nce hauv phev motility).

covV. Summarycov

Acetylcysteine ​​​​ua haujlwm ua lub hauv paus hauv cov tshuaj kho tsiaj raudetoxification, kev txhawb nqa antioxidant, thiab kev saib xyuas ua pa, hais txog tshuaj lom thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, kab mob ntev, thiab kev ntxhov siab ib puag ncig. Kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau zoo yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tshwj xeeb, ua raws li cov cai, thiab cov tswv yim kho mob.